Volume 6, Issue 1 (8-2020)
FPJ 2020, 6(1): 23-44 |
Back to browse issues page
Research code: A-10-435-1
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Hosseinzadeh khanmiri B, Sattari Sefidane Jadid K, Yazdani Motlagh M, Ahanghar A. The effect of sexual-based empowerment on high-risk behaviors and improving the self-restraint of adolescent girls in the welfare state of the province of East Azarbaijan. FPJ 2020; 6 (1) :23-44
URL: http://fpcej.ir/article-1-255-en.html
URL: http://fpcej.ir/article-1-255-en.html
Behnaz Hosseinzadeh khanmiri1 
, Kazem Sattari Sefidane Jadid2 , Monire Yazdani Motlagh3 , Ahad Ahanghar 4
, Kazem Sattari Sefidane Jadid2 , Monire Yazdani Motlagh3 , Ahad Ahanghar 4
1- M.Sc., General Psychology, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan, Tabriz, Iran - Azarshahr Welfare Social Emergency Specialist (123)
2- Ph. D. student in Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran - Expert of the Welfare Organization
3- M.Sc., Educational Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran.
4- Ph. D. Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran. , ahangareanzabee@gmail.com
2- Ph. D. student in Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran - Expert of the Welfare Organization
3- M.Sc., Educational Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran.
4- Ph. D. Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran. , ahangareanzabee@gmail.com
Abstract: (2274 Views)
Adolescence is one of the most sensitive periods of life due to sexual maturity. Which requires education and empowerment based on sexual health. According to this. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of sexual-based empowerment on high-risk behaviors and improving the self-restraint of adolescent girls with irresponsible parents, aged between 12-18 years old, in the wellness center of the East-Azarbaijan province. The research-based on the quasi method with pretest-posttest experimental design and includes a control group as well. The statistical population of this research was all the adolescent girls with irresponsible parents, aged between 12-18 years old, in the year 2018. This population reached up to 82 individuals selected from two separate children and adolescent centers, of whom 30 adolescent girls were selected purposefully and assigned to two groups of control (including 15 individuals) and experiment (including 15 individuals). The questionnaires were first delivered to adolescent girls, and then they underwent the training of sexual-based empowerment for a duration of 8 sessions. On the contrary, the control group was not exposed to the aforementioned training steps. To collect the data, three questionnaires from sexual abstinence (Jaffari 2007), high-risk behaviors (Gullone& Moore 2000), and high-risk behavior control systems (Zadeh Mohammad & Ahmad-Abadi 2008) were utilized. The data analysis was carried out by using the statistical approach of covariance analysis. The results of the study indicated that the education of the sexual-based empowerment had a significant effect (p<0.05) on high-risk behaviors and its parameters as well as on the sexual self-restraint of the adolescence. According to the findings of this research, it concluded that sexual health education of adolescents with irresponsible parents due to their psychological problems in the wellness center could play a crucial role in reducing the high-risk behaviors as well as increasing self-restraint against sexual problems.
References
1. Reference
2. • Allen, B., Timmer, S.G., Urquiza, A. j. (2016). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for sexual concerns of maltreated children: A preliminary investigation. Child Abuse & Neglect, 56:80–88.
3. • Bailey J, Mann S, Wayal S et al. (2015). Sexual health promotion for young people delivered via digital media: a scoping review. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library.
4. • Bailey J, Mann S, Wayal S et al. (2015). Sexual health promotion for young people delivered via digital media: a scoping review. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library.
5. • Browne, K. (2009). The risk of harm to young children in institutional care. London: Save the Children Fund
6. • Castillo-Arcos Ldel C, Benavides-Torres RA, Lo´pez- Rosales F et al. (2016). The effect of an Internet-based intervention designed to reduce HIV/AIDS sexual risk among Mexican adolescents. AIDS Care, 28:191–6.
7. • Chambers, R. A., Taylor, J. R., Potenza, M. N. (2003). Developmental neurocircuitry of motivation in adolescence: a critical period of addiction vulnerability. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(6):1041-1052.
8. • Clayton, A. (2010). The pathophysiology of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 110(1):7-11.
9. • Curvino, M., Fischer, M.G. (2014). Claiming comprehensive sex education is a right does not make it so: a close reading of international law. New Bioeth, 20(1):72-98.
10. • Da Motta, C. D. A., Rijo, D., Vagos, P., Sousa, B. (2018). The Abbreviated Dysregulation Inventory: Dimensionality and Psychometric Properties in Portuguese Adolescents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(12):3806-3815
11. • Daniel, B. (2005). Introduction to issues for health and social care in neglect. In J. Taylor, & B. Daniel (Eds.), Child neglect: Practice issues for health and social. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Care (pp. 11–25).
12. • DeSilva, M. B., Skalicky, A., Beard, J., Cakwe, M., Zhuwau, T., Quinlan, T., et al. (2012). Early impacts of orphaning: Health, nutrition, and food insecurity in a cohort of schoolgoing adolescents in South Africa. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 7:75–87.
13. • Diane M, Santa M, Khara B, Stacy A, Drake S, Narendorf A, et al. (2019). Gaps in Sexual Assault Health Care among Homeless Young Adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 000(000):1−8.
14. • Doswell, W. M., Kouyate, M., Taylor, J. (2003). The role of spirituality in preventing early sexual behavior. American. Journal of Health Studies, 18(4):195-202
15. • Emond, R. (2009). I am all about the future world: Cambodian children's views on their status as orphans. Children and Society, 23:407–417.
16. • Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2006). Relationships between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 40:1659–1669
17. • Gegenfurtner.A., Gebhardt, M. (2017). Sexuality education including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues in schools. Educational Research Review, 22:215-222.
18. • Giever, D. (2007). Abstinence and safer sex HIV risk- reduction intervention for African American Adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63. 221-237
19. • Goldstein, A. L., Walton, M. A., Cunningham, R. M., Trowbridge, M. J. & Maio, R. F. (2004). Violence and substance use as risk factors for depressive symptoms among adolescents in an urban emergency department. Journal of Adolescent Health, 40(3):276-9.
20. • Greene, K., Krcmar, M., Walters, L. H., Rubin, D. L., Hale, J., & Hale, L. (2000). Targeting adolescent risk-taking behaviors: The contributions of egocentrism and sensation seeking. The Journal of Adolescence, 23(4): 439–461.
21. • Grose, R.G., Grabe, S., Kohfeldt, D. (2014). Sexual education, gender ideology, and youth sexual empowerment. Journal Sex Res, 51(7): 742-53
22. • Gullone, E., & Moore, S. (2000). Adolescent risk-taking and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Adolescence, 23(4):393-407.
23. • Harris, A.E., Curtin, L. (2014). Parental perceptions, early maladaptive schemas, and depressive symptoms in young adults. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26 (3):405-16.
24. • Heerde JA, Hemphill SA. (2017). The role of risk and protective factors in the modification of risk for sexual victimization, sexual risk behaviors, and survival sex among homeless youth: a meta_analysis. J Investig Psychol Offender Profil, 14(2):150–174.
25. • Jemmott, J. B., Jemmott, L. S., Fong, G. T. (1998). Abstinence and safer sex HIV risk-reduction interventions for African American adolescents: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998; 279(19):1529-1536.
26. • Keil M. A. (2012). Prospective study of growth and development of children recently adopted from orphanage care. Journal Pediatr Nurs, 27(3): 32-40.
27. • Kohler PK, Manhart LE, Lafferty WE. (2008). Abstinence-only and comprehensive sex education and the initiation of sexual activity and teen pregnancy. J Adolesc Health, 42(4):344-51.
28. • Lata, S., Verma, S. (2013). The mental health of HIV/AIDS orphans: A review. Journal of AIDS And HIV Research, 5:455–467.
29. • Lin, K. K., Sandler, I. N., Ayers, T. S., Wolchik, S. A., & Luecken, L. J. (2004). Resilience in parentally bereaved children and adolescents seeking preventive services. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33:673–683.
30. • Lindberg, L. D., Boggess, S. & Williams, S. (2000). Multiple Threats: The Co-Occurrence of Teen Health Risk Behaviors. In Trends in the Wellbeing of America’s Children and Youth 1999. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, pp.; 489–504.
31. • Loewenson PR, Ireland M, Resnick MD. (2004). Primary and secondary sexual abstinence in high school students. J Adolesc Health, 34(3):209-15.
32. • Loman, M.M., Gunnar, M.R. (2010). Early Experience S, Neurobehavioral Development C. Early experience and the development of stress reactivity and regulation in children. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 34(6):867- 76.
33. • Luecken, L. J. (2008). Long-term consequences of parental death in childhood: psychological and physiological manifestations, in Handbook of Bereavement Research and Practice: Advances in Theory and Intervention, Eds M. S. Stroebe, R. O. Hansson, H. Schut, and W. Stroebe Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 397–416.
34. • Luecken, L. J. (2008). Long-term consequences of parental death in childhood: Psychological MacLean, K. (2003). The impact of institutionalization on child development. Developmental and, Psychopathology, 15:853–884.
35. • Marais, L., Sharp, C., Pappin, M., Rani, K., Skinner, D., Lenka, M., et al. (2014). Community-based mental health support for orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa: A triangulation study. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 9:151–158.
36. • Marcussen, J., Hounsgaard, L., Brunn, P., Laursen, M. G., Thuen, F, Wilson, R. (2019). The divorced family-focused care model: A nursing model to enhance child and family mental health and well-being of doubly bereaved children following parental divorce and subsequent parental cancer and death. Journal of Family Nursing. 2019.
37. • Marguez, M. & Galban, N. (2004). Getting hotter, going wilder? Chang in sexual risk-taking behavior among Filipino youth.7th International Conference on Philippine Studies, Leiden, The Netherlands, 16-9.
38. • Morantz, G., Cole, D., Vreeman, R., Ayaya, S., Ayuku, D., & Braitstein, P. (2013). Child abuse and neglect among orphaned children and youth living in extended families in Sub-Saharan Africa: What have we learned from qualitative inquiry? Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 8:338–352.
39. • Nelson, K. M., Pantalone, D. W., & Carey, M. P. (2019). Sexual health education for adolescent males who are interested in sex with males: An investigation of experiences, preferences, and needs. Journal of Adolescent Health, 64(1):36–42
40. • Nickerson A., Bryant. R., Aderka. I., Hinton D. (2011). The Impacts of Parental Loss and Adverse Parenting on Mental Health: Findings from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 5(2):119–127.
41. • Polo E., Cassas A., Senior N & Hamdan M. (2019). Marriage, Pregnancy and Sexual Practices in University Female Students in Cartagena, Colombia. Global Journal of Health Science, 11, 1
42. • Reis, M; Ramiro, L; de Matos, M. G; Diniz, J. A. (2011). The effects of sex education in promoting sexual and reproductive health in Portuguese university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29:477-485.
43. • San Rashid, Marisen Mwale. (2016). The Effects of Sex Education on the Risky Sexual Behaviour of School Going Adolescents: A Case Study of Mbenjere Secondary, Ntaja, and Nsanama Community Day Secondary Schools. Psychology and Developing Societies, 28(1); 126–138.
44. • Sarracino, D., Presaghi, F., Degni, S., Innamorati, M. (2011). Sex-specific relationships among attachment security, social values, and sensation seeking in early adolescence: Implications for adolescents’ externalizing problem behavior. Journal of adolescence, 34(3): 541-54.
45. • Strachan, M. (2005). A comparative study on the short-term effects of abstinence until marriage and a comprehensive sex education curriculum on sexual behaviors and knowledge of adolescents from a Denver County public high school. Colorado: University of Northern Colorado.
46. • Svetlana V. (2017). Doubova, Ingrid Patricia Martinez-Vega1, Claudia Infante- Castan eda2 and Ricardo Pe´rez-Cuevas. Effects of an internet-based educational intervention to prevent high-risk sexual behavior in Mexican adolescents. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH, 32:487–4.
47. • Tebeka, S., Hoertel, N., Dubertret, C., & Le Strat, Y. (2014). Parental divorce or death during childhood and adolescence and its association with mental health. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 204(9):678–685.
48. • Underhill, K., Montgomery, P., & Operario, D. (2007). Sexual abstinence-only programs to prevent HIV infection in high-income countries: Systematic review. Biomedical Journal, 74(5), 542–564.
49. • Villegas N, Santisteban D, Cianelli R et al. (2015). Pilot testing an internet-based STI and HIV prevention intervention with Chilean women. J Nurs Scholarsh, 47:106–16.
50. • Werner-Lin, A., Biank, N., & Rubenstein, B. (2010). There’s no place like home: Preparing children for geographical and relational attachment disruptions following parental death to cancer. Clinical Social Work Journal, 38(1):132–143.
51. • Whetten, K., Ostermann, J., Whetten, R. A., Pence, B. W., O'Donnell, K., & Messer, L. C. (2009). The Positive Outcomes for Orphans (POFO) Research Team (2009). A comparison of the well-being of orphans and abandoned children ages 6–12 in institutional and community-based care settings in 5 less wealthy nations. PLoS ONE, 4:e8169
52. • World Health Organization. (2010). Department of Reproductive Health and Research. Developing sexual health programs: A framework for action. Geneva, Switzerland.
53. • Ybarra ML, Korchmaros JD, Prescott TL et al. (2015). A randomized controlled trial to increase HIV preventive information, motivation, and behavioral skills in Ugandan adolescents, 49:473–85.
54. • Yendork, J.S., Somhlaba, N.Z. (2014). Stress, coping and quality of life: An exploratory study of the psychological well-being of Ghanaian orphans placed in orphanages. Child Youth Serv Rev, 46: 28-37.
55. • Zhai, Z. W., Kirisci, L., Tarter, R. E., Ridenour, T. A. (2014). Psychological dysregulation during adolescence mediates the association of parent-child attachment in childhood and substance use disorder in adulthood. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 40(1):67-74.
56. Reference in Persian
57. • Bastani Khalesi Z, Ghanbari Khanegah A. (2015). Understanding and Experiencing Married Women of Reproductive Age about the Importance of Sexual Health Education: A Content Analysis Study. Journal of Women, Infertility and Midwifery, 172(18):7-17.
58. • Bastani Khalesi Z, Simber M, Azin, S. A. (2017). Explaining empowerment-based sexual health education strategies. Journal of Qualitative. Research in Health Sciences, 6 (3):253-265.
59. • Jafari E. (2007). Construction of sexual restraint scale and its standardization among Allameh Tabatabai University students. Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran.
60. • Kazemi Rezaei S, Hemmati Grossi S, Hassani J, Kazemi Rezaei S. (2016). The Effectiveness of Sexual Self-restraint Training on Life Satisfaction and Happiness in Male Students. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research, 12(6); 51-57.
61. • Poorasl, A. M., Vahidi, R., Fakhari, A., Ros Tami, F., Das tghiri, S. (2007). Subs stance abuse in Iranian high school students. Addictive Behaviors, 32(3):622-627.
62. • Sadri Demarche E, Pervez Poor, Esmaili Ghazivaloii F. (2016). Effectiveness of sexual skills education on sexual attitude and knowledge in married women. Journal of Family Counseling & Psychotherapy, 1(21): 1-15.
63. • Shahab Deylmaghani L. (2016). The Relationship between High-Risk Behaviors and Academic Motivation with Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in High School Female Students in Tabriz. Master's Degree in Educational. Psychology, Azad University, Ajabshir Branch.
64. • Shalchi B, Seyed hashemi G, Faridian K, Hosseeinzadeh Khanmari B, Rahimlou M. (2019). Validity and reliability of the Persian version of psychological dysregulation inventory among adolescents. Journal of Psychological Science, 18 (80):971-980.
65. • Zadeh Mohammadi A, Ahmad AbadiV. (2008). Co-occurrence of high-risk behaviors among adolescents in Tehran high schools. Family Studies Quarterly, 4 (13):87-100.
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
